Reading Strategy of the Month
RATIONALE
Research and practice has shown that many students have difficulty engaging with text (especially non-fiction) and forming meaning while they read. Reading comprehension can be extra challenging for students who are not interested in or do not know how to form connections with the text or topic at hand. “Faced with complex issues or concepts--as is frequently the case in course content--students can use writing to sort things out, to clarify, organize their thoughts, connect old knowledge to new, and, in the process, personalize the content” ( Hughes, Kooy, & Kanevsky, 1997, p.187). This is the rationale behind using the Double Entry Diary, also known as the Double Entry Journal. The Double Entry Diary creates an interactive setting between the reader and the text by allowing students to record dual entries that are conceptually related. Some advantages of this strategy include the following:
- Facilitates student engagement with text
- Facilitates student comprehension of text ( reader actively interacts with text)
- Allows students to respond immediately to the text
- Connects text with student’s background knowledge
- Facilitates student reflection on development of personal understanding of text
- Allows teachers to informally assess difficulties students might have with comprehension
- Can be used for both fiction and non-fiction texts
The Double Entry Diary includes two columns: the left column is designated for quotes and facts a student selects from text; the right column is used for notes and comments a student makes the quote, fact, or selected passage. The Double Entry Diary can be used as vehicle for facilitating comprehension of text during reading, engagement, and comprehension of the content.
HOW TO USE THE STRATEGY
Begin with first modeling the strategy through a think aloud. This modeling will help students to understand the quote selection process. Next, discuss the type of thinking and writing required for the notes (the right side of the diary) by modeling your thought processes while writing on the overhead projector (L’Allier, & Elish-Piper, p.346). By showing students your thought process when reading and writing, they will be able to see how to use the strategy and make connections with text. The students should then be able to work through a guided practice with a text everyone has access to. Instruct them to take a piece of paper and separate it in half, length-wise. In the left column of the Double Entry Diary, students may select words, short quotes, facts or passages from the text that interests them or evokes a strong response. In the right column of the Double Entry Diary, students can record their responses and reactions to the text they selected. Examples of what they could write about in the right column include the following:
- This makes me think of…
- This reminds me of…
- I wonder…
- This is important because…
- I infer…
- I am confused because…
- The picture in my head looks like…
- I think this means…
- I don’t understand why…
- I would like to learn more about…
- Agree/disagree and why…
With a few guided practices, encourage your students to use this strategy independently on an assigned reading. Use students’ notes to hold a class or small group discussion and further stimulate students’ interest or curiosity in the text.
See the following examples for how to use the strategy in your classroom.
Double Entry Diary Organizer
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ASSESSMENT
This is a good strategy to use to assess reading engagement, comprehension and student metacognition. It can be used as an informal assessment in a number a ways. One way, is through observation either through student response during reading or group discussions. Another way is through assessment of students’ “Double Entry Diary” graphic organizer; teacher can look for which text was quoted and student responses to the selected text; an analysis of student responses will provide information on student connections, questions, and comprehension. Lastly, teachers can use informal student conferences to assess what the student understood in the text, made connections to what he/she already knew about the topic, and what questions the student may have had about the text or the author.
RESOURCES
Double Strategy, Double Entry Diary
http://www.mvcsc.k12.in.us/MVES/Staff/amorris/rdg%20620/double%20entry.pdf
This is a template for a double entry diary with a connection to quote and questions about the quote.
What Are Double-Entry Journals? How Are They Implemented in the Classroom?
http://faculty.washington.edu/rmcnamar/WTL/WSWPN%20DOUBLE%20ENTRY%20JOURNAL%20HANDOUT.doc
The double entry journal is a great strategy to use in every classroom for any content. The strategy helps students in a variety of ways with examples given.
Double-Entry Journals
http://www.adlit.org/strategies/22091
The double entry journal improves students’ comprehension and retention of difficult passages by expressing their thoughts about the text.
REFERENCES
Frye, B. (n.d.) Double Entry Diaries. Retrieved September 9th, 2009, from http://www.lesn.appstate.edu/fryeem/double_entry_diaries.htm
Hughes, H., Kooy, M., & Kanevsky, L. (1997). Dialogic reflection and journaling. Clearing House, 70(4), 187. Retrieved November 12th, 2009 from Academic Search Premier database.
L’Allier, S, K., & Elish-Piper, L. (2007). “Walking the walk” with teacher education candidates: Strategies for promoting active engagement with assigned readings. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 50(5), 338-353. Retrieved November 12th, 2009, from ERIC database.
Weaver, B. (2008) Strategy Explanation. Retrieved September 9th, 2009, from https://www.ocps.net/lc/east/hwp/school_info/Documents/Literacy/Double_Entry_Diary.pdf
